《植物生理学报》 2016, 52(6): 886-894

隔根对玉米||花生间作光合特性与间作优势的影响

焦念元^{1, 2,*,**}, 李亚辉^1,*, 刘领¹, 齐付国¹, 尹飞¹, 宁堂原², 李增嘉², 付国占¹

¹河南科技大学农学院, 河南洛阳471003; ²山东农业大学农学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018

通信作者：焦念元；E-mail: jiaony1@163.com

摘　要：

通过隔根消除玉米||花生间作地下种间作用, 研究了地上、地下种间作用对玉米||花生间作优势和功能叶片光合特性的影响, 分析了地上、地下种间效应的贡献。结果表明, 与不隔根相比, 隔根间作体系的土地当量比(LER)降低10.34%~12.30%, 地上、地下种间作用的贡献率分别为24.62%~33.49%和66.51%~75.38%。与不隔根相比, 隔根间作玉米的净光合速率(P_n)、光饱和点(LSP)、光饱和时最大净光合速率(LSP_n)、羧化效率(CE)、Rubisco最大羧化速率(V_cmax)、最大电子传递速率(J_max)和磷酸丙糖利用速率(TPU)明显降低, 隔根间作花生的P_n、光系统II的实际光化学效率(Φ_PSII)、表观量子效率(AQY)、LCP、LSP和LSP_n也明显降低; 地上、地下种间作用对间作玉米P_n、LSP、LSP_n、CE、V_cmax、J_max和TPU的贡献为正效应, 对间作花生Φ_PSII和AQY的贡献为正效应, 地下种间作用对间作花生P_n、LCP、LSP和LSP_n的贡献为正效应, 地下种间作用则为负效应。可见, 玉米||花生间作优势来源于地上、地下种间作用, 对间作玉米贡献均为正效应, 对间作花生地上为负效应, 地下为正效应。

关键词：玉米||花生间作; 隔根; 种间作用; 光合特性; 间作优势

收稿：2016-03-14   修定：2016-05-09

资助：国家自然科学基金(U1404315和31200332)和河南科技大学创新能力培育基金(2012ZCX020)。

Effects of root barrier on photosynthetic characteristics and intercropping advantage of maize||peanut intercropping

JIAO Nian-Yuan^1,2,*,**, LI Ya-Hui^1,*, LIU Ling¹, QI Fu-Guo¹, YIN Fei¹, NING Tang-Yuan², LI Zeng-Jia², FU Guo-Zhan¹

¹College of Agronomy, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, China; ²College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an, Shandong 271018, China

Corresponding author: JIAO Nian-Yuan; E-mail: jiaony1@163.com

Abstract:

The effects of above-ground and below-ground interspecific interaction on maize‖peanut intercropping advantage and photosynthetic characteristics of functional leaves were studied, and contribution of aboveground and below-ground to them were analysed by a field experiment with root barrier. Results showed that the land equivalent ratios (LER) of root barrier was lower than that of no root barrier by 10.34%–12.30%, the contribution of above-ground and above-ground interspecific interaction to LER were 24.62%–33.49% and 66.51%–75.38% in maize||peanut intercropping system, respectively. Compared with no root barrier, the net photosynthetic rate (P_n), light saturation point (LSP), maximum net photosynthetic rate of light saturation point (LSP_n), carboxylation efficiency (CE), Rubisco maximum carboxylation rate (V_cmax), maximum electron transfer rate (J_max) and triose phosphate utilization rate (TPU) of intercropped maize were obviously reduced by root barrier, the actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Φ_PSII), LCP, LSP and LSP_n of intercropped peanut were obviously reduced too by root barrier. The contribution of above-ground and below-ground interspecific interaction to P_n, LSP, LSP_n, CE, V_cmax, J_max and TPU of intercropped maize were positive effects, and to Φ_PSII and AQY of intercropped peanut were positive effects. The contribution of below-ground interspecific interaction to P_n, LCP, LSP and LSP_n of intercropped peanut were positive effects, but the above-ground were negative effects. In summary, maize||peanut intercropping advantage came from above-ground and below-ground interspecific interaction, and the contribution to intercropping maize were positive effects. The contribution of above-ground interspecific interaction to intercropped peanut were negative effects, below-ground interspecific interaction were positive effects.

Key words: maize||penaut intercropping; root barrier; interspecific interaction; photosynthetic characteristics; intercropping advantage